Changes the treatment of Cancer ~ Katja News

"The common cold virus completely changes the treatment of bladder cancer"

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is cancer in which the lesion is present in the tissues of the inner surface of the bladder. This kind of cancer has always been a state that is difficult to treat and easy to relapse. The treatment methods include transurethral resection of bladder tumor and BCG-induced immunotherapy.

Transurethral resection is an invasive procedure that removes all visible lesions. However, the rate of tumor recurrence varies from 50% to 70%; in two to five years, the rate of tumor progression ranges from 10% to 20%. % does not wait. On the other hand, BCG-induced immunotherapy showed that one-third of patients had severe side effects and one-third of patients had no effect. Therefore, new treatments that are more effective and safe for NMIBC remain to be studied.

Recently, researchers at the University of Surrey and the Royal Surrey Hospital in the UK investigated an oncolytic virus ("anti-cancer") - Coxsackie virus (CVA21) for the treatment of 15 non-muscle invasive bladder cancers (NMIBC) Patient safety and tolerability. The findings are published in the latest issue of Clinical Cancer Research.

The light of hope?

An oncolytic virus is a naturally occurring common cold virus. By infection, they can destroy tumor cells and stimulate the host's anti-tumor immune response to prevent the growth of tumor cells, and are therefore considered "anti-cancer" viruses. In this pioneering study, 15 NMIBC patients received CVA21 via a bladder catheter one week prior to scheduled surgical resection of the tumor.

After surgery, by examining tissue samples, the researchers found that CVA21 is highly selective, targeting only cancer cells in the organ, while all other cells are intact. It infects cancer cells and replicates itself, causing cancer cells to rupture and die. On the next day, the urine sample collected from the patient detected a virus "shedding", indicating that once the cancer-infected cancer cell dies, the newly replicated virus will continue to attack other cancer cells in the organ.
The bladder usually has no immune cells and therefore cannot eliminate the tumor by itself. These tumors lacking immune cells are immunologically known as "cold areas"; evidence from this study suggests that treatment with CVA21 causes tumors to produce an inflammatory response that causes immune cells to rush into the cancer environment, targeting and killing cancer cells... Inflammation and immune cell stimulating responses caused by viral therapy can be considered "immune fever." This "hot" tumor is more likely to be rejected by the immune system.

After treatment with CVA21, most patients observed a reduction in tumor burden and an increase in cancer cell death, and all patients showed signs of the disappearance of all cancers, and no significant side effects were observed in the treated patients.

Dr. Nicola Annels, a researcher at the University of Surrey, said: "Virus is usually associated with the disease, but where appropriate, they can improve our overall health and quality of life by destroying cancer cells. Oncolytic viruses such as the Coxsackie virus may change The way we treat cancer may signify that we abandon more traditional treatments such as chemotherapy."

Pour cold water

Although the results of this study show great potential, the research is still in the initial clinical stage, and its mechanism of action is still unclear. It has been through clinical trials of a large number of clinical trials and combination therapies to clinical applications or new drugs. There is a long, long road to go.

It is even less recommended that some patients have a mentality of "dead horses as a living horse doctor" to infect a cold or Coxsackie virus. The experiment was carefully designed, and the Coxsackie virus is not an understatement of the cold virus.

Coxsackie viruses are classified into Class A and Class B. Typical symptoms of coxsackievirus type A are herpetic angina, lymphoid follicular hyperplasia, exudation, tonsil enlargement, etc. Coxsackievirus type B infection causes characteristic infectious thoracic rib pain, which may be combined with meningoencephalitis. Myocarditis, fever, Guillain-Ba-rré syndrome, hepatitis, hemolytic anemia, and pneumonia.

Conclusion

Research needs to be expected, believe in science, and not biased. More important is to care for yourself from the daily routine, regular physical examination, prevent problems before they happen.

Reference materials:

[1] Strain of common cold virus could revolutionize the treatment of bladder cancer

[2] Viral targeting of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and priming of anti-tumor immunity following intravesical Coxsackievirus A21

Source (Katja News)

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