"I want to go back to Beijing to go to school

"I want to go back to Beijing to go to school

3:22 AM

"I want to go back to Beijing to go to school

One year after returning from Beijing, Sun Junfeng, who had just finished his first year, will be dismissed by the school because he is playing mobile phones in his bedroom. Sun Junfeng once went to school in a migrant school in Haidian District, Beijing. Because he had no hope of the college entrance examination in Beijing, he returned to school in August last year.

This result is unexpected. In the impression, Sun Junfeng is not a troublemaker. Playing mobile phones will not be serious enough to drop out of school. The only thing that can make her think is "scores."




He Wei is the head of the New Citizens Program Mobile Children's Xiaoshengchu Group Tracking Project. In the past year, she tracked the changes in Sun Junfeng's class after the election of Xiaoshengchu in Beijing. Almost all of the 25 returning children have experienced a decline in performance.

However, the change in academics is only a visible point on the iceberg, and more hidden worries are still under the iceberg. For most of the children who work in Beijing, there is no way out in Beijing, and returning home means variables. They are often at a loss as they adapt and build new networks of relationships.

According to the data provided by the New Citizenship The program, in 2017 alone, the number of non-Beijing students in Beijing Xiaosheng decreased by 23,411, accounting for 45.5% of the total number of non-Beijing primary school graduates.

He knows that most of them will choose to return to school, but she wonders what they will experience? How will the change happen?

First, leaving Beijing - the choice that has to be made

In the sixth grade last semester, Sun Junfeng, who had been attending school for migrant children, he learned that he would return to school. He asked if the mother could go back together. Still not married," Sun Junfeng said nothing. His father sent a takeaway at McDonald's. He went out at 8 or 9 in the evening and arrived home at 90 in the morning, almost all year round.

Sun Junfeng grew up in Beijing. A family of three rented a the single room of 1,500 yuan/month in Qinghe South Town of the North Fifth Ring. There was only one bunk bed in the room. The upper bunk was full of debris. The 1.2-meter-wide lower bunk was the mother. When Sun Junfeng rested at night, the ground was covered with luggage. "I feel the rhythm of running at any time." When He Wei first went, he sat without a seat and could only stand and talk to Sun Junfeng.

In the past fourteen years, in addition to the most important things, Sun Junfeng rarely returned to his hometown of Zhumadian, Henan Province. In Sun Junfeng's class, nearly half of the students grew up in Beijing. They followed the steps of their parents' work in Beijing, and some have not returned to their hometown for four or five years. Since March last year, He has selected a six-year class in the nine-year, nine-year migrant school as a sample of interviews, observations, and records.

She counted the whereabouts of this classmate after graduation. Of the 43 people, only 18 were left, including 3 to go to Hebei to go to school and 1 to go to Beijing. The remaining 25 people are returning to their hometowns, and more than half of them want to stay in Beijing. Their parents are generally engaged in cleaning, take-away, construction, etc., and only a very small number of college graduates.

Parents are very clear that, contrary to the policy, the migrant children in Beijing will only have two career paths in the future. Parents worry that the school will face the risk of demolition at any time, just like the group renting houses they live in. Also, the increase of 500 yuan per semester and nearly 10,000 tuition fees per year is not a small expense for the working families.

Although returning home can adapt to the teaching of the home in advance, preparing for the college entrance examination, but this the decision is not good.



Chen Qiuju and her husband came to Beijing for the past ten years. They contracted a newsstand in a university. The children were brought by their grandparents in Henan’s hometown before the age of 8. The results were not satisfactory. After coming to Beijing, they were between the public school and the migrant school. Twisted, the results did not improve, Chen Qiuju quite regretted this. However, if you return home together, the source of your family's life will become a problem. If you iron out your heart and let your child return home alone, can you stay in the environment and learn the rhythm?

To alleviate this concern, Tian Miao’s mother is one of the few parents who decided to return home to accompany her. “I want to bring my child to my side, and I have to teach well when I am born.” She inquired about the teaching materials used in her hometown school very early. Let the daughter get familiar with it when she is free.

This is also what He wants to observe and record. She has provided financial and technical services to teachers of hundreds of migrant children's schools across the country and has contacted tens of thousands of migrant children. She is quite clear about the current situation of migrant children's schools, but she has not yet There has been a detailed study of the changes in the lives of migrant children returning home. "We may see some conclusions, but no one knows how these changes happen."

According to He Wei’s statistics, 14 of the guardians of returning children are taken care of by their ancestors. There are 5 parents or unilateral guardians, and 5 of them return to their hometowns. There is a need for relatives to take care of them. The father of the child has six brothers and sisters in his hometown. In the words of the child, "I don't know who is standing at the school gate on the day of school."

Second, return home - the whirlpool of student status

The trip back home is not going well, and most students are stuck in the first step.

He Wei had recorded that Li Yiyi’s family had found her a private high school with a good rate of enrollment in Anhui. Yiyi’s excellent English scores were quite confident in Xiao Sheng’s interview for oral English assessment, but the results fell.

After Yiyi’s family found the school teacher, they learned that the school registration form provided by the school did not have a school seal. “The registration form is filled with the Beijing XXW School. The school records show that the JQ school in Henan is not worth mentioning, and both schools are private schools, which is very informal.” Other children who have been transferred from Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang public schools have complete procedures and are admitted.

Li Yiyi’s migrant school does not have a school permit. The student’s student status is linked to a private school in Henan. This may be subsidized by local schools, but the move is outside the regulations and the seal is left. It is quite difficult. He Wei believes that the school only provides services for student registration. As for the transfer of students and stamps, the school does not care.

The student’s status also made the mother of Tian Miao, who also returned to Anhui, suffer. Tian Miaoyuan could enter the town’s middle school according to her home, but for better education, her mother rented a house in the county and borrowed the landlord’s The real estate license office has gone through the formalities of the county public school.

I never thought that the students who requested the transfer from the school must issue a “transfer certificate, a student card, and a stamp from the local education bureau”.

Tian Miao had twice sought the principal of the Beijing school but was told that the transfer from across the province could be operated online, and the school could not open the certificate, but the people in the hometown told us that without these materials, the school could not get in, and many people struggled, Miao Miao, I also looked for He Wei, ask if you can get down from the next official seal on the Internet, but he refused.

In desperation, Tian Miao found the school in Henan who was affiliated with the school but was told by the school teacher that the chapter was in the hands of the legal person, but she could not find the legal person. They began to ask the hometown to find the "relationship" in the Henan education system. After checking the school records of Tian Miao, the other party found that Tian Miao had graduated from graduation in July 2017. The admission should be directly on the second day, which made Tian Miao mother panic.

Sun Junfeng was also stuck in this. Because his grades were not satisfactory, his father had let Sun Junfeng stay for one year, but he did not know that there was no special reason for the policy to not allow the grade and he did not apply. When returning home, Sun Junfeng faced two choices, either directly on the second day, or returning to the original school to find the principal and the local education bureau to write proof and seal. However, from the above situation, the latter is very difficult.

Li Yiyi and Tian Miao took a turn around and used a lot of relationships. They can be counted in school. Sun Junfeng also entered a public school in Biyang County, Henan Province, but the student status is still pending.

Third, adapting - mutual fan slaps become logical

The school that entered the hometown has only just begun to return to the children.

Back to the public school in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, Li Zhongjin was stopped on the first day. The security guard asked him to go back and change his clothes. The reason was that his jeans had broken a few holes. This dress was specially prepared for his return home. His family is better, he often sports a famous brand, and the family finds a relationship to let him enter the school rocket class.

During that time, Li Zhong was relatively closed and did not want to communicate with others. "They felt that I was wearing a cold, and I entered the Rocket class by relationship." The other party swore and the two played one. Sun Junfeng will also encounter the provocation of "the greatness of coming to Beijing", but he does not think that his classmates are malicious, which is the same as when he sees his classmates throwing garbage and swearing. Sun Junfeng is introverted. He has more than 1,000 schools and more than 60 class members. But now, he has not spoken to most girls in the class.

He Wei said that Beijing's life will leave a mark on migrant children. The online shopping experience, behaviors, and dressing often make a difference with students in their hometowns. It will also cause certain pressures and even make it difficult for friends.



Sun Junfeng knows what the purpose of his family is to send him back. He said that he has worked hard. "I don't know how to learn, no one tells me how to do it, how to learn, and can't keep up." In the previous two months, Sun Junfeng Passing the English, all others hang "red light",

On one occasion, He Wei went to the school to find Sun Junfeng, and was regarded by the mathematics teacher as his "sister of relatives". At the door of the classroom, He Wei was trained. "How do your parents, when you throw this child? At home, nothing happens, learning is so bad, homework is not done, and the scores in our class are all lowered. I don't know whom to look for, why send him back?"

He Weihui: Because there is no way to take a test in Beijing, there is no student status.

The math teacher said, "It doesn't matter. As long as the grades are good, you can return to the exam in the third grade. You are now sending him back and throwing it at home. Do you think you can take high school?"

Every weekend, Sun Junfeng’s mother will call him. He also thought about reciting classes for Sun Junfeng, but he would take more than two hours of bus from home to the county and the school would not provide accommodation on weekends.

Without the support of all parties, Sun Junfeng’s performance has almost become inevitable, and Miao Miao, who was the first in Beijing’s regular test has been poured cold water after returning to a private school in Anhui’s hometown. The first monthly exam, because of the sixth-grade textbooks are not the same, her mathematics only scored 66 points.

According to the project team, after returning to the hometown and staying in Beijing, the returning group has an average of 4 more classes per day than the staying Beijing group, and the writing time is about 2 hours longer. The teacher should be stricter.

In many counties in China, the exam is still the mainstream of the school. The rate of enrollment often becomes a hard indicator. The performance of the teacher is directly related to the student's performance. Therefore, the tactics and punitive measures that are forced out are all overwhelming.

Miao Miao's English teacher will check the words. If he doesn't write, he will ask the same table to slap the slap. If the sound is too small, the teacher will have to do it. In the beginning, Miao Miao feels that this is embarrassing, but the training has been long. The best students are also beaten, and everything seems to be a matter of course. Because of the poor grades and unfinished homework, the "squatting board" is not a small number of students returning home.

This is different from the near-stocking status of Beijing migrant children's school students. Ningning, who stayed at the migrant school, said that the teacher looks very busy and tired, and does not pay much attention to the students. "The last class will let us study ourselves.". Ningning’s performance is very bad.

He said that this is related to the government's lack of support for migrant children's schools. "Beijing public schools have an average of tens of thousands of students, and most of the labor costs of migrant children's schools come from the market." Thousands of tuition fees per year for teachers to solve teacher upgrading and school construction. All aspects of the problem are a drop in the bucket. The treatment is low, the good teacher can't stay, and only the secondary school education, interdisciplinary, and inter-school year teaching is widespread. "The school is more fulfilling the functions of custody and care."

Parents who are serious about academics are dissatisfied with the quality of teaching in the children's schools, but He also stressed that in terms of curriculum richness, due to the supplement of social organizations, some quality courses will also enter the migrant children's schools. Compared with the schools where the old students are pure exams, "the foundation of quality education is still there."

In the summer activities of returning children organized by the New Citizen Program, more than a dozen returning students share the ideal teachers and most of them hope to have a strict teacher, can survive the students, and rarely involve the teacher's business ability.

Fourth, fleeing - habits of companions lost and unfamiliar

When he first returned home, Sun Junfeng’s weekend was spent in a lounge provided by his brother’s unit. He said that his brother had taught him to study. When he was not, his brother still used him to do things. He often recited things for learning. Sun Junfeng was bored, but soon his brother was transferred to the city because of his work. Sun Junfeng had to return home alone. This is no small test for him who has never lived in his hometown.

When I took the bus home from the county for the first time, Sun Junfeng accidentally passed the station. My brother opened the car for five hours before finding him in a village that could not be named in the middle of the night.

Sun Junfeng's home is a two-story building. His father thinks that Sun Junfeng is so big, life should be able to take care of himself, but this is not the case. When he arrived at his house, the weather was a bit cold. She found that Sun Junfeng’s bed had no scorpion. He would not cook. He had no regular diet. When he was hungry, he went to the supermarket in the town to buy snacks and quick-frozen dumplings. The clerk is his relative, he can't name it, just smile, nod, pay the bill.

Sun Junfeng’s weekend home is like a home in Beijing. The activities are only a few kilometers away, and few people are walking around with neighbors, like living on an island. Sun Junfeng’s mobile phone does not leave, and there will be loneliness when the game is tired. However, he still does not take the initiative to contact friends in Beijing. He Wei noticed that this phenomenon is not rare. A student who stayed in Beijing complained to her. A few friends who returned home clearly showed that qq was online, and there were screenshots of the game on the dynamic, but they did not return his information, so he did not want to contact.

He Wei once asked Sun Junfeng, he answers that he did not have time to look at the mobile phone, but he was very timely in returning information. She also noticed that four or five students returning home quietly exited the qq group. He Wei has seen the relevant research on the “companion relationship” of the children of migrant workers returning home. The scores of the “companion alienation” of the returning children are significantly higher than those of the migrant workers who stayed behind.

He Wei recalled the mustard heap. In April last year, she entered the school early to observe the emotions of the children who were about to return home but found that there was not much turmoil. She speculates that children who have long-term mobility and frequent changes to their homes and schools may have been “accustomed to losing their companions at any time”.

However, after leaving the country for more than ten years, it is not easy to make it easy for distant relatives to make up for it quickly. When I returned home, I stayed at Dan's house for a while. My grandfather, who was in her 70s, came to see her from a three-hour tricycle in the countryside. She wanted to get closer to her granddaughter, but she looked at her grandfather and moved outside the sofa. Then, with the mobile phone ran out, He Wei, who was watching at the side, felt very angry at first, thinking that she did not respect people, but she said that she did not live with her grandfather and felt very afraid of him, while another partner felt that Taking care of my ancestors' patriarchal situation, I feel that "I don't want to communicate with them at other times unless necessary."

Resisting and fleeing seem to be the stress response they often make in the face of the new environment, and more often than not.

A child returning home because of his self-study on Monday night was too late to stay at his grandfather's brother. He Yan observed that the child is very unnatural in the living room. "If you sit on a needle, you are more cautious than me." Buy some snacks and put them in your child's bag, but the children at home will go to pull his bag and take things away, but he won't stop it. The reason is: I live in someone else's house. Isn't he supposed to take something? ?

5. The cow that is constantly being hammered: "If there is no way, then it is like this."

“Homecoming children often take themselves out of social relationships, distinguish them from the environment around them, and cannot cope or construct new social networks in a new environment.” He said that parents have little or no ability to teach. They deal with these situations. But the channels for children to seek help are often not parents and teachers, but mobile phones. Like a mother who is returning to school and lacking friends, the articles in the WeChat circle of friends have suddenly increased. He Jun had Sun Junfeng sorted the importance of mobile phones and parents, and Sun Junfeng did not hesitate to choose the former.

In contrast, children with left-behind experiences seem to have higher acceptance of returning home, preferring to get along with each other, and among the students who are in contact with each other, it is more convenient to show that the home is more convenient, and they can help to take care of the elderly by the way. My ancestors, some say that after returning home, "the pressure of being forced by parents to learn is small." Of course, there are also Tucao. "Parents who sell vegetables in Beijing get up early every day, and they can't disturb their rest and can't find people to speak at home on Saturday and Sunday." That kind of loneliness, in their eyes, it seems more comfortable to return home and grandparents.

A survey by He Wei showed that children who grew up in Beijing and returned to their hometowns had an average of more weekly calls or video interviews than their parents. They were only received in Beijing after school and returned home again. Child. Most of the children returning home are more willing to return to Beijing after one year, of course, if conditions permit.

The increasingly obvious trend is that there have been experiences of migrant children, the inability to enjoy equal educational rights in Beijing, the separation from parents for a long time, the inability to return after returning home, the increase in various uncertainties, and the consequences are gradually The child appears, and the feeling of decadence is often seen in these children. They seem to accept all kinds of disappointments that have been added to their bodies. "If there is no way, then it will be like this," like a cow that is constantly hammered...

Mingtai also had to return home in the new semester. Before she took care of her younger brother, she continued to study in Beijing for the first day. To keep up with the teaching progress in her hometown, her family let her stay for one year and returned to Sichuan Nanchong to live with her aunt next semester. On the street, the mustard piled up to ask her about her impression of life in Beijing. She said one thing, to the effect that everything in Beijing is like the dream/glass, disappearing and fragile. Ming Tai almost participated in all the summer activities of returning students in Beijing, as if to catch the tail of the last memory.

Sun Junfeng still doesn't know where to read next semester, but he tells the mustard pile that he doesn't want to bring a smartphone anymore. He Wei said that when the questionnaire was filled in the activity, Sun Junfeng put a blank on which column is more important to you. Before that, he chose a mobile phone.


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